Hi, okay, so first, go for a good, light plywood ... Baltic birch or similar (it will sound good, and your back will thank you). Next, the oval rear port:
When you state: "the 2x12er has 72 x 55 x 28 cm ( is it eventually then 1.75 x 1.35 x 0.68 inch)" ... I think your measurements actually equate to about 28" x 22" x 11". First, I would suggest a little more depth in the cab - maybe go to about 35cm. Now, for the oval rear port - if you want to augment the low-end with the port then make it apx. 1/3 the size of the cab back - in your case approximately 24cm wide and 18cm tall. If you want a traditional open-back tone, then simply make it as large as is possible.